Writing a personal career plan

Writing a personal career plan Currently as Marketing major, I plan on going into the business world upon graduation. From the skills Ive learn in college I will be prepare to jump into the marketing world, my goal is to obtain a career that I will enjoy; I would like to go become a product/brand manager. Product/Brand managers are in charge of the marketing and the development of products. Some of these products include items such as consumer products, automotive, high-tech, pharmaceutical, financial and other services. The main goal of a Product/Brand manager is to strengthening and manages the brands, because their decision affects the success of the business. Product managers most have strategic and tactical skills. They need to have Strategic skills so that they can assess the competition, market the product to consumers as well as plan the future of the product or brand. They need to have tactical skills to help develop promotion campaigns for the product so that they know what the customer wants and thinks about the product as well as keeping track of sales and talking to reps about the products. Personal Assessment I am a very hard working young woman. I will be obtaining my bachelors degree in marketing next year. I have had some work experience in my career path. Ive worked four years in the restaurant industry and from that I have obtain skills in suggestive selling, talking to people and the ability to asses a guest needs and wants. Ive worked as a brand ambassador and spokes model, so I understand the promotion aspect of brand awareness. Ive worked for the America Red Cross where I gain experience in talking to local business owners as well as doing some of the financials and billing As a brand manager you must have some insight into industrys current and past trends, consumer demands, and understand world of marketing. You have to be very creative and be able to think analytical. You must be able to pay attention to small details as well as be able to focus on big and small ideas. brand managers often function within a team, So you must be able to work in a team and brainstorm as well as be able to communicate your ideas clearly so other can understand. With my extensive classroom experience and life experiences, I am convinced that I will be a very successful and beneficial to a company. Throughout my education in the Eastern Michigan University marketing department, I have gained considerable experience that could aid me in an entry level position . In many of my classes, we have created Marketing plans for real-life companies to enhance product distribution and placement and product Image. As you know, a company that is effectively positioned will have a great response along with, in all of my of my work experience has been geared toward selling and serving customers. As a Server at a Ruby Tuesday and an intern at the American Red cross, for example, I have effectively interacted with people and learned to handle everything from complaints to compliments. I am confident that through my work experience and interpersonal skills, I can meet both the companys and consumers needs. I also offer strong computer skills and I am confident that I will make a significant contribution. Career Planning Early Career In my early career I will obtain a job as a assistant ran ambassador for a large firm, , an assistant brand manager may be appointed to optimize the success of the company. The assistant brand manager performs many of the same functions of the brand manager, the ability to multitask is extremely important in the position. An assistant brand manager can be working with multiple departments doing a variety of task within them; they also help the brand manager in making decisions that will contribute to the success of the brands competitiveness so you must have knowledge in production, marketing and distribution. In order to make it to the next position As a Brand Manager, I will have to be to have been working as an assistant brand manager for about three to five years, during this time I will have to go back to school to get my MBA. I feel like it will be very difficult trying to balance working long hours at work trying to show I can do the job with going to school. During this time at work I should be able to determine the needs of the brand and be able to create promotional campaigns. I will have to show my skills in the following areas interpersonal, management, and financial .As well as the ability to handle more responsibility, being able to work under pressure, and make smart business decisions. Classes, seminars, and workshops in marketing, market research, branding, advertising, and related areas will help me develop my skills as well as help me make important contacts. Mid Career As a Brand Managers will be working with various departments within the company which include the marketing, advertising, public relations, and art departments. I will be creating different types of campaigns to increase customers awareness of the brand as well as maximizing promotion. This includes broadcast and/or print advertising, point of purchase displays, public relations, promotions, sweepstakes and contests, Web promotion, e-mail blasts. I will be in charge of determining how monies the company uses its money to help increase sales. I will be in charge of deciding on if we should spend money on more research or advertising or changing packaging. The Brand Manager is in charge of the success of a brand. The decisions I make will decide if the brand succeeds or fails. The next stage of my career I will work my way up to senior brand managers. In order to accomplished this I will need at least 5 years of experience sand sometimes up to 10 years. I will have to have done a lot of work in advertising and have experience in leading a team. Advanced Career A senior brand manager is responsible for development of sales of the product and marketing of the product. I will need to have at least five years of brand management experience. I will be in charge of the future success of the brand. I will be responsible for completely marketing a product or service, everything from research and development through sales. I will be in charge of the advertisement, marketing research and distribution. I will supervise everything related to the brand and know everything about the brand and on competitive products. II will be responsible for the success of the brand. A senior product manager has a lot of responsibilities: the ability to work  independently and to make decisions that will affect others and the future of the brand is a must. You will also need to be comfortable making public presentations as well as the ability to interact with everyone within the organization. Conclusion I will have a lot of obstacle in my career. I will be learning constantly, attending seminars, performing research and continuing my education. I will be working long hours to ensure that the product/brand is a success. Hard work and dedication will help guide me in my career, and I look forward to the challenges and obstacles that I will have to face. Hard work really does pays off. References Reference one. Make sure that your references are double spaced and that you indent the second line of the reference. Also, the references should be in alphabetical order. DeLaat, J. (2007). Gender in the Workplace. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Evans, G. (2000). Play Like a Man, Win Like a Woman. Broadway, NY: Broadway Books.

Prime Mover Essay

Aristotle believed that there had to be one primary cause for the world to make sense. There must be something that triggered off the ‘chain of movement’. The Prime Mover is the ‘Uncaused First Cause’, both the unmoved mover and the final cause. As a result this means that all of earth and existence is in a constant stage of movement and change. , Aristotle is similar in his thinking to just like another philosopher, Heraclitus, who believed everything is in a dramatic state of change and, that this change had to be started by someone he called , the Prime Mover.The Prime Mover started off a cosmic chain of movement, whilst remaining unmoved, thereby making him an essential cog in the dynamics of the physical world. The Prime Mover has always existed in his eternal state of perfection and excellence to which that everything in the universe is drawn to the Prime Mover like a magnet. Everything is attracted to this perfection, even though the Prime Mover is de tached from the physical mortal world of humans. The Prime Mover has no plan or dependency for anyone or any thing. The Prime Mover is possessing actuality in its highest form.He relies on nothing but himself for existence. And if he was to become reliant on others, he wouldn't be the Primemover as he wasn't perfect. Aristotle describes the Prime or ‘Unmoved Mover’ as being separate from sensible things (world of the senses), but causing motion and the things in that world to move; for example, such as the circulatory motionwork of the stars and planets. All such movement is done as a great act of love and desire towards The Prime Mover. Who does so effortlessly. The Prime mover doesn't have to move, the Prime Mover can't and won't move.The Prime Mover is the reason for the start and the end of these chain of movements, the object of everything; he is the very essence face of excellence that no one can compete with, being the most beautiful and divine thing in the unive rse. The Prime Mover, unlike the change of matter is immaterial. The Prime Mover is not made from any physical object, and can never change therefore it cannot because this would suggest it could die, yet the Prime Mover can never change. He cannot perform any physical action and manifest himself through acts in purely spiritual and intellectual intention.Aristotle’s interpretation of God, which pre-dates no connection to the Christian notion of Godbased god, is that which is the best of all things possible that are thought, defined as th the ‘thought of thought’ only knowing himself and nothing of the physical world. The Prime Mmover must be good because there can be no badness in something that must exist in the first instance. Conversely anythat this is that exists necessarily hence being bad is so because is not connected to ‘not being ‘something that ought to be there’.In Conclusion, The idea of the Prime Mover is still valid today in resp ect to concept of the Uncaused Cause. In its idea that the reason behind the substances of the universe Yet it seems unlikely that a Prime Mover is something that has the power to move everything in the sensual world, add purpose and meaning to all known would have no physical connection or interaction withto the mankind, existing only as as Aristotle explains, how The Prime Mover is the ‘thought of thought. ’ But how can something consisting of pure thought alone, be capable of move things in the material world?

Advance nursing Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Critics of this agenda have raised questions as to if education advancement is a necessary course of action to improving the nursing profession. Advanced practice nursing accreditation, certification, and education is aimed at ensuring that the public gets the right service in relation to health. A post graduate education in this field is seen as a way to widen practitioners approaches to decision making, manage care of individuals as well as offer better services in relation to nursing. Each of the four nurse specialties forming advanced practice nursing require specific license specific to their practice, and it is that license together with educational certificates that qualify one to become a member of APN. These credentials are crucial to the nursing practice but they are controlled and regulated by legislations and specific professional regulation. The licensing board are governed by state regulations and it is these state statutes that determine who is allowed to practice what and where (MacDonald et al. , 2006). This limits the scope of operation for nurses even with their high levels of training and professionalism . In addition, it limits the benefits the public can reap from these highly trained individuals. The regulations are used as a precaution to ensure safety treatment of patients since nursing is a very sensitive issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Advance nursing or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now A mistake in at a single stage of a process can jeopardize the whole practice and even causes loss of life. Therefore, this high potential of harm to the public requires a high level of accountability hence the many certification and regulation governing advanced practice nursing. As mentioned above, each state has its own regulations that govern nursing practices within its jurisdiction. This has had many effects on APN both negative and positive seeing it is a new process. Limiting what nurses can do even after advanced learning is a waste of resources. In most hospitals, advanced practice nurses are seen as junior doctors, people who can assist in minor roles as doctors major on important issues. Such practices limit the potential of nurses and robs them the chance to make a considerable impact in their area of specialization especially when it comes to planning and implementation of strategies. Additionally, limiting who can operate at different states harms both the profession and the public in that, some hospitals might be under manned while other have excess human resources. Limitation in terms of state operation as well as the duties an APN can undertake within a hospital continues to create barriers for advanced practice nurses (Smolenski, 2005).

Process Design Essay - 716 Words

Process Design Matrix- Executive Summary OPS/571 February 15, 2016 Teresa N. Banks Process Design Matrix amp; Summary The product design of Mary Kay focuses on the product life cycle, but a service design focuses on the services provided and customer experiences. The production process, when manufacturing a product, it must go through several stages of the product life cycle. The difference in a product and service design is putting the focus on people instead of the thing. The service process focuses on how well the company production system works Mary Kay Products Design focal Point: The need for qualified products helps show customers they are getting a safe product to better their life. Mary Kay is a large company†¦show more content†¦Quality: Mary Kay has several self-service approaches, such as place orders online for faster service, choose a method of delivery and method of payment. Mary Kay receives the order from a customer, processing delivers to warehouse for product and packaging, warehouse delivers to shipping company, and the shipping company delivers to the customer. Process Design Matrix Process Design Aspect | Mary Kay (Service) | Mary Kay (Product) | Design focal point | Customer satisfaction, reliable service | Quality Products, variety, income possibilities | Strategy | Speedy delivery, personal attention to each customers | Continuous production sales | Process design approach | Easy access to online ordering, high customer attention, one on one service | Stay upon competitors and offer competitive products | Process map | Clearly defined by a process flow chart | Process Flow Chart amp; engineering specs. | Process Performance Measurement | Cycle time fom beginning of customer contact to the end. | Production cycle, continous flow, and quality, assembly line production | Factory location | Close to customers approach | Shipped from Dallas, TX to multiple areas. | Facility layout | Based on the consultant. | Main focus is product efficiency | Process design | Process design target will effect the customers directly | Customers are not involved only in the begi nning stages. | Scheduling | Flexible hoursShow MoreRelatedA Design Process1499 Words   |  6 PagesA design process is more experimental rather than technical, the insights that are reflected in the journey of design or research leads to transformations in the behavior of the practitioner. 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Differing Experiences of Death in I Heard a Fly...

Emily Dickinson stands out from her contemporaries by discussing one of mans inevitable fears in an unconventional way: death. In two of her poems, I heard a Fly buzz-when I died and Because I could not stop for Death, Dickinson expresses death in an unforeseen way. Although Dickinson portrays death in both of these poems, the way that she conveys the experience is quite different in each poem. Dickinson reveals death as a grim experience, with no glimpse of happiness once ones life is over in I heard a Fly buzz-when I died. In contrast to this, Dickinson consoles the reader by characterizing death as a tranquil journey in Because I could not stop for Death. However, despite this difference, Dickinson seduces and catches†¦show more content†¦The carriage is not just a means of transportation, but it the last stage of human life before our souls are transported to the afterlife. Dickinson compares death, the most traumatic of human events, to an everyday carriage ride. Later in Because I could not stop for Death, Dickinson hints to the reader that her setting is darkening as time goes on. This is much like one would expect death to look like. In line twelve Dickinson expresses this setting by stating that she and death, Passed the setting sun. However, this leaves the reader with a conflicting question whether the sun was simply setting in its natural state, or if the carriage was moving underground. Dickinson uses this imagery to allow the reader to fill in the blanks that she purposely did not fill in. By using the setting sun as a symbol to foreshadow death, Dickinson creates a darker feeling to the poem. In lines seventeen to twenty, Dickinson uses a metaphor to compare a house to a grave. It is stated that, We paused before a house that seemed/ A swelling of the ground;/ The roof was scarcely visible,/ The cornice but a mound. Instead of comparing a grave to something much scarier, such as a stockyard, Dickinson is able to create a sense of lightness to her poem. The reader is able to connect to a house and relate to the welcoming feeling that most housesShow MoreRelatedAn Analysis Of Death, By Emily Dickinson1056 Words   |  5 Pageshow she views death. Like the jumbled feelings before death. The departing soul’s path to ever after, hysteria, or ending up in a void. Some of her poems may seem contradictory or rather different from the other. However, they are all set in place to showcase Emily’s viewpoint that there are many different types of possible outcomes after death. Through these three poems, she has been able to personify death in vastly different forms of lighting. I Heard a Fly Buzz – When I Died represents theRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesstudies. I. Title. HF5415.1.H37 2009 658.800973—dc22 2008040282 ISBN-13 978-0-470-16981-0 Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 PREFACE Welcome to the 30th anniversary of Marketing Mistakes and Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think

Hockey Observation Report Free Essays

string(31) " had hit London boys one shot\." Yesterday was the first time bought a ticket to watch a live game of junior hockey. I sat behind the net of Pets for two periods and watched the game. That’s a great place to see if London boys are going to shoot the puck into the net or not, but also, it’s hard to look at the left way of the rink to follow the game. We will write a custom essay sample on Hockey Observation Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was a great time, and it is much better than watching on TV or internet. I can really fell the atmosphere at the stadium and enjoy the game. That was the game that people expected London Knights will get the ten-game winning streak, but London boys were lost before over 9,000 fans at Budweiser Gardens. Subculture Members Senior was the largest group of audiences in Budweiser Gardens. You probably could see them everywhere, and they also are one of biggest fans of London Knights. It’s easy to recognize them by their outlooks, drinks they had (mostly were beer for men), clothes (they dressed London Knight Jerseys with old design, not the new one). They have huge knowledge not only about Indo Knights hockey, but also about other subcultures of hockey: women hockey, NIL, Olympic hockey†¦ Junior and minor also are big parts of fans. They normally had a group of friends and watched the game together. They wore hoodoos or hockey jerseys with jeans and sneakers. You could hear them talk about the game and players that they adore not only London Knights but also other teams from NIL such as Toronto Maple Leaf, Detroit Red wings, Winnipeg Jets Young adults came to the game alone or with their friends. They drank beers, and their outlooks are different with: Jeans, shirts or T-shirts, caps†¦ Beside the topic about London hockey, they also talked about NIL, works, loves, lives†¦ Its not hard to define them with other groups. Families came to the game with their children. They talked to kids bout hockey, players, the rinks, the puck†¦ I believe that a passion Of a kid was developed by their parents, especially their fathers. Kids and then Will become a big fan of hockey and could be a good player too. Beliefs and Values At the last two minutes, after the coach of London decided not to put the goalie on the rink to protect the net after they got the first shot, but another player, Petrography got the chance to shoot the third score in the net of team London. A lot of audiences felt angry and disappointed; they screamed loud. They stood up and left their seats to go home because they believed hat London would lose because no more chances for London to get 3 shots into the net of Petrography to win the game, and finally, Knights’ boys were lost. When one player of Petrography had to get in the penalty box and London Knights had a good chance to score, all of audiences that Loon’s fans started standing up and chanting: â€Å"Go, Knights go! Go Knights go! † to cheers for the boys because fans believed that London could get one shot for that big chance. They were absolutely right; London boys slapped grateful shot into the net with all hard try. The scaffold was blow upped by those screams of London fans. Customs and Behaviors Before the game began, everyone stood up and Sang the song â€Å"O Canada†. Almost everybody just stood up and listened to children’s choir sing the song, but the man who stood behind me sang it out loud. I could feel that Hess so proud of Canada and also respect to it and all other people. A fan sat right behind the net of Pets punched on the protected glass when London boys missed their shots so many times. He punched and screamed loud: â€Å"Shoot that puck into the net† to show his anger on the boys and the way they played. At the corners of the rink, players of both Pets and London usually push heir rivals into the bar to make them cannot move and get hurt. Therefore, players could create chances to get the puck or help their team mates get the puck to score or protect their goal. Loon’s goalie normally went out a little too far from the goal and he stood more on the left of the net. That created chances for Pets boys to get two scores into Loon’s net. Lineup is a normal thing but it shows people’s behaviors. Audiences waited on the line to get into the arena and also to get out during the break time. People just usually line up to buy foods, tickets†¦ ND other things else, but inning up to go washroom and waiting for quite long time is really polite and culturally. It shows people’s good ethics and behaviors. It’s absolutely right to say that Canadians are very polite. A London boy broke his stick while he was trying to get the stick from a Pets boy. Then he dec ided not to care about the stick but moving follow Pets boy to hinder him pass the puck to his team mates. He also tried to get another stick from the other boys when he got a chance. My seat is not the best place to follow all over the rink because it’s hard to see what’s happening on the left corners at our seats. Teases why every time suck was passed to that place, people normally tried to leaned and moves their body up a bit, so they could watch the game easily; therefore they would not miss if London boys score. Clapping your hands to make applause for your home team is normal thing, but when it’s done for Loon’s competitor- Pets is a different story. A man that is London Knights’ fan, who sat beside my section made applause for Pets boys after they had hit London boys one shot. You read "Hockey Observation Report" in category "Observation essays" In my opinion, that was really great shot from the left side of the net, and it should be appreciated not only by Pets fans, but also other people that are not. Almost everyone stood up, clapped their hands, and screamed loud right after London boys got one shoot into Pets’ net. That’s the way people cheer up for their boys and show their excitations. They kept doing it for a while until the game started again. The referees normally did not move after they dropped the puck until boys get it or shot it far away from him. They do not want their movements affect to the puck; therefore, players could easily to follow and throw or pass it to their team mates. Social Relationships Few parents came to watch their sons play on the game. They came to enjoy he game and cheer not only for their boys, but also the others too. Taking pictures could not be forgotten because they want to capture the moments that their sons were skating, playing and enjoyed the game. Couple groups of minor players’ sibling socializing cam to watch the game of London Knights. They could enjoy watching their favorite sport, but also that could be an example for them to learn how to play, what can be happened, how they can solve problems†¦ They sat together, talked to each other, and commented about the game. A few couples of husband and wife came to watch the game as the way to relax on the weekend. They sat beside each other, shared foods and drinks†¦ During the second break, kiss cam moved around to catch people’s kisses and ask people to make kisses. It was wrong for few times when it mixed up two couples and made people laughing. A group of Pets fans came to Budweiser Gardens to support their boys. They sat together and talked about both London and Pets, how they play, about London†¦ They were very happy when Pets beat London boys with ratio 3-1. Some journalists also were there to watch the game and also record about it for London local newspapers. Hind that they watch it more carefully than there people because that they have to write a report later to provide the information about the game for people who did not came to. Institutions and Organizations When got into the gate, saw few groups of minor hockey organization was selling 50-50 tickets for their upcoming game next week. If you buy a ticket at Budweiser Gardens that was sold by minor hockey organiz ation, you just need to pay half of price (it was around 10 bucks), and a lot of people like junior, parents purchased couple tickets for themselves and their kids to enjoy the game while support for minor hockey organization. Aluminum Associates sold stuffs of London Knights team such as: hats, stickers, pucks, jerseys†¦ That are provided to Loon’s fans. They get involve with Budweiser Gardens to sell things while supporting for London boys and also bring revenue to run the team. Banshee College sold ticket of the game for Banshee students with price that under regular price to bring students to the game. They work with Budweiser to get tickets for students with cheaper price. You probably could see a lot of Banshee students with their tickets that was purchased at Biz Booth. Material Goods Since I got into the Budweiser Gardens, could see a lot of people wear Indo Knights’ jerseys: kids, men, and women, senior†¦ Not only that, they also dressed Knights’ hats and scarf. Everything made a wonderful picture of white, yellow and green. A lot of people ate pizza of Pizza Pizza while they were watching the game. During the brake time, the line of people waiting for pizza at Pizza Pizza store was as long as other stores’. Pepsi is favorite drink for kids during the game. They also grabbed few bags Of popcorn to get ready for the show. For adult men, they bought a cups or bottle of beer like Bud Light or Budweiser with French fried from Harvey’s or other brands. In the second breaking time, London Toyota Company showed audiences their two brand new cars for 2014. Everyone kept talking about it for a while until the game start the third period. After the breaks, two girls sat beside me came back with a bag of Lays’ chip and a Harvey’s’ burger. I saw some women and kids wore yellow and green cheer gloves, the main colors of London Knights. There was a kid sat in front of me with a small hockey stick with London Knights’ sticker on his hand since the game starts until the end. Language I probably have to say that the man sat beside me during the game is one of the craziest fans Of London Knights. He screamed out loud at the guy of Pets, who put a guy of London team on the rink: â€Å"Shut the f*** up Devils! † He looked very serious and tried to protect the player of the team he likes. â€Å"Go, Knights go! Go, Knights go! † was chanted to cheer up the spirits of players by audiences (kids and seniors almost) when they have good chance to attack and score. The sound kept going around and around with the applause, the sound of the bell from a woman, and the vaguely trumpet. It made both audiences and players feel exciting and happy. Some other young guys from the section beside me got mad when the game almost finished. When London players shot the puck out of the net of Petrography, they screamed: â€Å"That net must have a big hole! † Fans got really angry because London boys missed too many chance to get the puck into the net. When the game almost finished, referees decided to put both players Of Petrography and London into the penalty box because they got fight. The Petrography player yelled at referee: ‘What the h***? Why do I need to go there? ND continued fighting with the boy of London. Both of them finally were eliminated out of the rink. The two boys sat at the 2 lines in front of me attracted me while the discussed about the game and players: â€Å"He should shoot it immediately when he was close to the net, not waiting for others†¦ † They talked about it with a wonderful passion, and they are in live with the game. Il l. Conclusion Attending the game was the great time to relax for the weekend and finish my reading week, but got a bit disappointed because London boys were defeated 3-1 by Petrography Pets. Anyway, enjoyed the game, mingled tit the crowd, and were a part of the game like other London Knights fans. It was a good chance for parents to bring the hockey passion to their kids while showing their passions also. Junior hockey in London is great subculture for everyone who loves Hockey. It is not only the key to help junior players to become a professional hockey player, but also, it is the game for people to show their loves to hockey and Loon’s team. In addition, London is a door for kids to see that hockey is an important passion of their lives. You cannot have the felling how London fans get crazy until you are a part Of it. How to cite Hockey Observation Report, Essays

Risk Assessment in a Socio-Technical System-Free-Sample for Students

Questions: 1.Write an essay on the impact of human and organisational factors on the operation of socio-technical systems. 2.Address how software engineers cope with risk assessment and project planning as they impact the operation of socio-technical systems. Answers: 1.A socio-technical system is a system that creates an environment for the people to work together with technology. With the help of this system, they can relate to one another. Software Engineers have a huge impact on the operations of socio-technical systems but they also have to find new and innovative ways to handle project planning and the subsequent risk assessment. Setting up a socio-technical system is usually very complex. The fundamental components include hardware, software, physical building, people, procedures, organization, data, and data structures (Dalpiaz, Giorgini and Mylopoulos 2013). Technology has helped to develop the modern society. These developments of the society is directly impacted by the human factor (Davis et al. 2014). There are various issues related such as efficiency, effectiveness, usability and safety. Computer technology had been used to effectively solve many challenges such as improvement of the societys economy, automation of tasks that are too complex to execute manually and many more. There was a need for tasks to be accomplished within a set amount of time and this resulted in a focused effort to learn and develop computers. The social system consists of people along with their habits, attitudes, behavioral styles, values and relationships. To be fully effective, the technical and social systems should assist and complement one another. As an example, if a manufacturing work group does not trust and assist each other, they will neither be able to meet their productivity targets nor their deadlines. There is lack of teamwork in businesses where the employees have isolated workstations, processes that are non-sequential and large buffers in inventory. People need to more coordination and should rely on each other to achieve better productivity (Galegher, Kraut and Egido 2014). Organizations were also interested to develop the technology that could ease the way they are operating and even achieve various targets within a short period. They were supportive towards this technology and provided the necessary material and financial resources for their engineers training and development (Marshall 2014). The research practices were improved to create the desired difference in software engineering. This means the understanding of the methodology in the working of socio-economic system resulted in highly improved potentials for earning in the business and commercial activities. Software Engineering needs a different approach than conventional engineering practices (Wohlin 2014). The approach mostly depends on the task that has been assigned and the working environment. Socio-technical systems will be more effective when the human as well as organizational factors are well integrated in the systems. 2.Risk assessment is an integral part of any project. While developing a socio-technical system, software engineers not only have to evaluate the risks during the development the system but also the runtime risks on the people and the organizations on implementation (Haimes 2015). Various engineers are needed to develop a socio-technical system but software engineers serve as the fundamental and the most important entity in the development of such systems (Jones, Artikis and Pitt 2013). Systems such as synchronous and asynchronous communication was introduced in various organizations to connect and communicate with their employees in different parts of the world (Giesbers et al. 2014). Although these systems were designed to help the organizations and the people, they had concerns regarding the implementation of such systems. Synchronous communication meant that people at different time zones had to find the most suitable time that was acceptable for both the parties and this made th em reluctant to use this system. Asynchronous communication on the other hand was still accepted by the people and the organizations but the huge amount of information that flowed in daily were unorganized and were not properly indexed before storing. This caused information overflow. Thus, software engineers had to step up their risk assessment to deal with these problems and develop systems that aimed at properly serving the purpose it was designed for. Project planning is the foundation on which a project is developed. The developed plan must elaborate and must include the interests of the stakeholders, the client and the organizations (Papke-Shields and Boyer-Wright 2017). Time overrun and cost overrun has to be avoided at any cost through proper planning. Software engineers must plan the development of a socio-technical system in a way that the current technology is well implemented in the project and the outcome serves the technological needs of the client (Fuenfschilling and Truffer 2014). Technology changes rapidly with time. The most recent technology might become irrelevant within the next year. Thus, proper planning needs to be formulated to avoid time overrun. Thus, it can be concluded from this essay that socio-technical systems play an important role in the development of the society and the business world. Software Engineers thus needs to be innovative while providing such solutions. Reference List: Dalpiaz, F., Giorgini, P. and Mylopoulos, J., 2013. Adaptive socio-technical systems: a requirements-based approach. Requirements engineering, 18(1), pp.1-24. Davis, M.C., Challenger, R., Jayewardene, D.N. and Clegg, C.W., 2014. Advancing socio-technical systems thinking: A call for bravery. Applied ergonomics, 45(2), pp.171-180. Fuenfschilling, L. and Truffer, B., 2014. The structuration of socio-technical regimesConceptual foundations from institutional theory. Research Policy, 43(4), pp.772-791. Galegher, J., Kraut, R.E. and Egido, C., 2014. Intellectual teamwork: Social and technological foundations of cooperative work. Psychology Press. Giesbers, B., Rienties, B., Tempelaar, D. and Gijselaers, W., 2014. A dynamic analysis of the interplay between asynchronous and synchronous communication in online learning: The impact of motivation. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 30(1), pp.30-50. Haimes, Y.Y., 2015. Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Jones, A.J., Artikis, A. and Pitt, J., 2013. The design of intelligent socio-technical systems. Artificial Intelligence Review, 39(1), pp.5-20. Marshall, H.R., 2014. Digital Technology and Adult Online Learner Preparedness: Providing Appropriate Support for Developing Computer Comperacy (Doctoral dissertation, Walden University). Papke-Shields, K.E. and Boyer-Wright, K.M., 2017. Strategic planning characteristics applied to project management. International Journal of Project Management, 35(2), pp.169-179. Wohlin, C., 2014, May. Guidelines for snowballing in systematic literature studies and a replication in software engineering. In Proceedings of the 18th international conference on evaluation and assessment in software engineering (p. 38). ACM.